public broadcasting in the united states quizlet

Reasonable Access These methods include open captioning, crawls, or scrolls that appear on the screen. All television sets with screens 13 inches or larger manufactured since mid-1993, including digital sets, have built-in decoder circuitry. Loud Commercials. The applicant must demonstrate that it is qualified to construct and operate the station as specified in its application and that its proposed facility will not cause objectionable interference to any other station. These devices must include a simple and easy to use mechanism for accessing closed captioning and video description. Each commercial television licensee is required to prepare a Childrens Television Programming Report (FCC Form 2100-H) identifying its Core Programming. Applications for License Renewal. In addition to adopting rules, we establish broadcast regulatory policies through the individual cases that we decide, such as those involving license renewals, station sales, and complaints about violations of Commission rules. Use of high gain antennas or antenna booster amplifiers; Mobile receivers, including but not limited to car radios, portable stereos or cellular phones; Non-radio frequency (RF) devices, including but not limited to, tape recorders, CD players, MP3 players or land-line telephones; and. News Distortion False or Misleading Advertising. These restrictions are discussed below. President ______ appointed the first President's Commission on Civil Rights in ______. If your concerns are not resolved, with the exception of complaints about obscene, indecent, or profane programming, which should be submitted in the manner described previously -- and complaints about blanketing interference discussed earlier -- the best way to provide all the information the FCC needs to process your complaint about other broadcast matters is to fully complete an on-line complaint at https://consumercomplaints.fcc.gov/hc/en-us. A public radio network, National Public Radio (NPR), was created in February 1970, as byproduct of the passage of the Public Broadcasting Act of 1967. Of particular concern would be evidence of the direction to employees from station management to falsify the news. Criticism, Ridicule, and Humor Concerning Individuals, Groups, and Institutions Find more in-depth explorations of public broadcasting by following the links below: 1615 L St. NW, Suite 800Washington, DC 20036USA Submission of an audio or video tape, CD, DVD or other recording or transcript of the complained-of material is not required but is helpful, as is the specific name of the program, the on-air personality, song, or film, and the city and state in which the complainant saw or heard the broadcast. Audio Description. This procedure is discussed earlier in this Manual. When filing these types of applications, the applicant is required to publish a series of notices, generally in a local newspaper, containing information similar to that noted above regarding renewal applications. The traditional news media aim to provide objective reporting on current events by excluding the personal views of reporters or editors from their coverage. . Soliciting Funds On the television side, NewsHour derives its revenue from a variety of sources, including PBS, the Corporation for Public Broadcasting (CPB) and a mix of nonpublic streams such as corporations, individual giving and foundations. (All FCC Public Notices are included in the Commissions Daily Digest and are posted at https://www.fcc.gov/proceedings-actions/daily-digest.) PBS stations typically broadcast children's programming supplied by the service and through independent distributors like American Public Television during the morning and afternoon hours, and on many though not all stations, on weekend mornings; most public independent stations also carry children's programming, though, they may not as broadly encompass those stations' daytime schedules as is common with PBS member outlets. In the Commercial Advertisement Loudness Mitigation (CALM) Act, Congress directed the FCC to establish rules that require broadcasters and pay TV providers ensure the commercials they transmit to viewers comply with an industry-developed technical standard, the Advanced Television Systems Committees A/85 Recommended Practice. U.S. federal government support for public radio and television is filtered through the Corporation for Public Broadcasting (CPB), which operates as a separate organization. You can submit a protest against a stations license renewal application. Which one of the following statements best defines the efficient market hypothesis? The FCC requires certain apparatus that receive, play back, or record video programming to make available a secondary audio stream for providing video description services and accessible emergency information. Broadcasting in the United States - Wikipedia it is at least 30 minutes in duration, except that a licensee may air a limited amount of short-form programming, including public service announcements and interstitials, and have that programming count as Core Programming, as described in the Core Programming processing guidelines. Some of the funding comes from community support to hundreds of public radio and public television stations, each of which is an individual entity licensed to one of several different non-profit organizations, municipal or state governments, or universities. Our role in overseeing program content is very limited. LPTV and LPFM stations do not have a public inspection file but are required to maintain a political file. (with the notable exceptions of the United States, Mexico and Brazil). The fastest and easiest way to file a complaint containing this information is to use the FCCs electronic complaint form at https://esupport.fcc.gov/complaints.htm. Each licensee, regardless of size, must file an FCC Form 396 EEO Program Report with its license renewal application. Explore the patterns and longitudinal data about public broadcasting below. PBS provides its member stations with programming in cultural, educational, and scientific areas, in children's fare, and in news and public affairs but does not itself produce programs; the programs are produced by the member stations, independent producers, and other program producers worldwide. C. reports extensively on government officials and political issues. The Civil Rights Act of 1875 attempted to. Rules The NPR One app, which offers a stream of individual shows and podcasts, had a similar average number of total completed sessions in 2020 as in 2019, depending upon the device. However, NCE stations cannot broadcast commercials or other promotional announcements on behalf of for-profit entities. D. All securities in an efficient market are zero net present value investments. https://www.fcc.gov/consumers/guides/how-comment, https://www.fcc.gov/media/radio/digital-radio, https://www.fcc.gov/media/television/broadcast-television-license-renewal for television, https:www.fcc.gov/media/radio/broadcast-radio-license-renewal, https://www.fcc.gov/consumers/guides/filing-informal-complaint, https://www.fcc.gov/proceedings-actions/daily-digest, https://www.fcc.gov/media/policy/political-programming, https://consumercomplaints.fcc.gov/hc/en-us. The Commission has defined this program matter to include language that is both so grossly offensive to members of the public who actually hear it as to amount to a nuisance and is sexual or excretory in nature or derived from such terms. The number of member organizations flagship educational and community organizations that operate at least one station stood at 254, down 4% from the previous year. Blanketing interference is a less common occurrence with television stations than with radio stations due to the location and height of TV transmitting antennas. Adopt a modified version of some or all of the proposed rules; Ask for public comment on additional issues relating to the proposals; or. In the United States, freedom of the press is protected by All of the following are important roles for the media in American Democracy EXCEPT enabling privately owned companies to advertise their products to the public. PBS: Public Broadcasting Service Stations must air identification announcements when they sign on and off for the day. During the late nineteenth century, the equal protection clause was severely limited in scope by the Supreme Court. Cable Television - Where to File Complaints Regarding Cable Service, Online Public Inspection File Access and Information, Public, Educational, and Governmental Access Channels ("PEG Channels"), Television Broadcast Stations on Satellite, Video Competition and Price Survey Reports. Public Participation in the Licensing Process No federal law prohibits the broadcast by stations of requests for funds for legal purposes (including appeals by stations for contributions to meet their operating expenses), if the money or other contributions are used for the announced purposes. For additional information about digital radio, see https://www.fcc.gov/media/radio/digital-radio. Licensees are responsible for selecting their entertainment programming, as well as programs concerning local issues, news, public affairs, religion, sports events, and other subjects. How to File a Loud Commercial Complaint At the request of 39 members of the U.S. House of Representatives, the FCC conducted a proceeding asking the publics comment on violent programming. The FCC was vested with broader regulatory authority that included all radiotelephone activity, including the newly developing broadcast media FM radio and television, and added interstate telegraph and telephone communication (which had previously been under the control of the Interstate Commerce Commission) and wire and wireless common carrier The Commission often receives complaints concerning broadcast journalism, such as allegations that stations have aired inaccurate or one-sided news reports or comments, covered stories inadequately, or overly dramatized the events that they cover. Each commercial full power and Class A station must keep a copy of its decision in the public file for the three-year period to which it pertains. Unless a broadcast advertisement is found to be in violation of a specific law or rule, the government cannot take action against it. The Montgomery bus boycott began after ______ refused to give up her seat for a white man. Comments/Complaints to the FCC. Offensive Advertising With respect to the display of Internet website addresses during childrens programming, the Commission permits them to be displayed during program material (in a crawl or scroll at the bottom of the screen, for example) only if the website: 1) offers a substantial amount of bona fide program-related or other noncommercial content; 2) is not primarily intended for commercial purposes, including either e-commerce or advertising; 3) the websites home page and other menu pages are clearly labeled to distinguish the noncommercial from the commercial sections; and 4) the page of the website to which viewers are directed by the website address is not used for e-commerce, advertising, or other commercial purposes (e.g., contains no links labeled store and no links to another page with commercial material). The FCCs Structure and the Media Bureau Opposition to legalized abortion is a position most likely supported by ________, while support for legalized abortion is a position most likely supported by ________. The FCC has five Commissioners, each of whom is appointed by the President and confirmed by the Senate. In the United States, other than a few direct services, public broadcasting is almost entirely decentralized and is not operated by the government, but does receive some government support. Efficient markets limit competition. In the United States, for most of the history of broadcasting, there were only three or four major commercial national terrestrial networks. The Commission sometimes receives complaints regarding the alleged use of subliminal perception techniques in broadcast programming. the National Public Radio (NPR) Public broadcasting in the United States As noted earlier, the rules governing broadcast stations are generally found in Part 73 of Title 47 of the Code of Federal Regulations. [19] PBS would later acquire Educational Television Stations, an organization founded by the National Association of Educational Broadcasters (NAEB), in 1973.[20][21][22]. When racial segregation in schools is the result of hundreds of thousands of housing choices made by individuals and families rather than the result of law, it is referred to as delayed desegregation efforts by authorizing school districts to place each pupil in a school according to a variety of academic, personal, and psychological considerations. Ownership Reports and Related Material In light of their discretion to formulate their programming, station licensees are not required to broadcast everything that is offered or otherwise suggested to them. Official station identification includes the stations call letters, followed by the community specified in its license as the stations location. How to Resolve Blanketing Interference Problems. The public can determine whether they are within a stations blanketing contour by consulting contour maps in the stations public inspection file to see if they reside in close proximity to the offending stations transmitter site. NET's constant need for additional funding led the Ford Foundation to begin withdrawing its financial support of the network in 1966, shouldering much of the responsibility for providing revenue for NET onto its affiliated stations, prior to the foundation of the CPB, which intended to create its own public television service.

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